Since the international financial crisis in the past two years, China's automobile industry and related industries have shown a dramatic scene: On the one hand, the passenger car industry can't wait to "get the fish out of the sea." On the one hand, the commercial vehicle industry is hungry and "hogging wolf into the room."
Beijing Autos has "haved a good reputation in the sea" has seized Saab's technology, Geely Automobile's acquisition of Volvo has also been basically finalized; Hongyan in the field of commercial vehicles in the hands of Auto Union Iveco, Beiqi Foton in hand Mercedes-Benz, Guangzhou Automobile welcomes its third joint venture partner Hino, China CNHTC ushered in a new holiday with Germany, Manchester, etc. In contrast to the previous "buying arts and not selling ones" cooperation model, the tide of this cooperation is "buying arts and selling themselves." What exactly will this model bring us?
Why is a commercial vehicle?
In the ten years since the beginning of reform and opening up, China has successively introduced five heavy-duty truck technology projects, such as Roman, Steyr, Tudela, Nissan Diesel, and Mercedes-Benz, adopting the model of introducing technology without capital cooperation.
After nearly three decades of development, the Luoman and Taitu projects have died. Steyr's technology has achieved three direct lines: heavy truck, Shaanxi Auto, Hongyan, etc., and Beiqi Foton, a side-by-side system with a total of four heavy truck suppliers. Mercedes-Benz's technology has made Bei Ben heavy trucks. Nissan Diesel has created Dongfeng Commercial Vehicles and Dongfeng Liuzhou Automobile. Together with a combination of partial introduction technology and independent research and development, FAW liberation constitutes the leading force in China's heavy truck market. The company administers nearly 90% of the capacity of China's heavy truck industry.
However, we should also see that under the background of the high prosperity of China's heavy-duty truck industry, vehicle safety and environmental protection issues have been widely questioned by the society, so that domestic heavy-duty truck companies are not only “neighboring†but also developing countries with weak laws and regulations. Apart from sales, the total vehicle exports to developed countries in Europe and America are almost zero.
In sharp contrast to this is the passenger car industry in China. Although most of the market is still occupied by foreign brands, FAW, SAIC, and Dongfeng, which have been criticized in recent years, have achieved certain results in their own brand building. The national brands Chery, Geely, BYD, Brilliance, and Great Wall, which have been defeated by the foreign brands “wolf packsâ€, are among the best. Their products are not only widely sold to developing countries, but also have been obtained in the markets of developed countries in Europe and America. A certain share.
More importantly, the current national passenger vehicle brand has made great strides in vehicle safety, environmental protection, and energy-saving technologies, forcing foreign brands to synchronise the latest technology to domestic joint ventures and improve our country’s competitiveness. The overall technical level of the car industry.
Unfortunately, domestic truck companies, especially heavy-duty truck companies, on the surface have dominated the majority of national brands, but all these are the result of abnormal and prosperous development. Not to mention the domestic heavy truck products at the expense of the public interest, without hesitation in propagating the "Dura Run" overload culture, not to mention that a heavy truck company in previous years claimed that its products are to accept an international truck technology. However, the famous international truck company has no honourable "face-witting" claiming that the former's products and their products have a technological gap of two decades, not to mention that the engines developed by a heavy truck company have been passed through domestic environmental monitoring, but they have been successively Kicked out markets such as Russia and Iran.
The relevant departments of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and other countries obviously have clearly seen this layer. If strict laws and regulations are adopted immediately to impose controls on the domestic heavy truck industry, it will inevitably cause many serious consequences, and laissez-faire development is by no means a permanent solution. For international heavy truck companies to participate in the domestic heavy truck business, technical guidance and industrial upgrading is undoubtedly a kind of Chinese medicine that all parties can accept.
Therefore, we can see that currently the four joint ventures of Sinotruk and Man, SAIC Iveco Hongyan, Beiqi Foton and Mercedes-Benz, Guangzhou Automobile and Hino are all foreign companies that have established long-term extension capabilities in environmental protection and energy conservation in China. Projects, and foreign parties are committed to provide technical support for the transformation and upgrading of existing Chinese products. In this way, the relevant departments of the state will gradually increase industry access thresholds and supervision, and will not bring about the consequences of heavy-duty card industry development, thereby reducing legislative resistance and enforcement costs.
Why is China?
In the past two decades, foreign investors in the domestic automobile industry have become the most powerful countries in Europe in the field of passenger cars. In the field of commercial vehicles , especially heavy-duty trucks , China adopts more technology-introduction methods, which means that foreign companies only earn such a one-stroke deal as technology transfer fees, and they do not earn from the basic industries. Huge profit.
Of course, this has also caused China's commercial vehicle companies to lack in absorbing foreign advanced management experience. In fact, in recent years, the foreign truck industry has tried its best to share the benefits of the rapid development of China's heavy- duty truck industry. The wave of joint ventures in the heavy truck industry is just an expression of the strong will of foreign truck companies.
Second, the shift of labor-intensive enterprises from the traditional western developed countries to developing countries is also an irreversible trend. After the Second World War, Britain and the United States were much lighter than the European continent and the Far East because of the country’s warfare. Therefore, the Anglo-American automobile industry was more developed between 1945 and 1955. With the implementation of the “Marshall Plan,†the economies of the continental European countries Rejuvenated, the automotive industry has developed rapidly.
During this period, the development of the automobile industry in countries such as Germany, France and Italy gradually exceeded that of the United Kingdom; by the 1970s, with the development of the oil crisis, Japan’s automobile industry had developed rapidly and became a powerful force in the world’s automobile industry. Challenger; In the subsequent 1980s, the Korean automotive industry made rapid progress. Several major auto companies such as Hyundai, Daewoo and Kia began to emerge.
In the past decade or so, with the continuous development of the automobile industry in China, both the scale of the domestic automobile market and the manufacturing level of the automobile industry have been greatly improved. National brand passenger cars have become powerful competitors in the international market for traditional car powers.
The gradual shift of labor-intensive industries to emerging economies is a constant pattern. If we want to maintain our long-term competitiveness, we must comply with this transfer rule. China’s commercial vehicles, especially trucks, will soon be as international as passenger cars. Competition in the market with traditional car power countries is not as positive as the advent of the passive competition for commercial vehicles in China. It is better to take a deeper and deeper level of participation in China’s commercial vehicles, especially the truck industry, to participate in the growth of China’s heavy truck industry and master the international division of labor. With more right to speak, this is the universal psychology of many well-known truck suppliers in the West.
Of course, with the rapid development of China's economy, especially the rapid accumulation of foreign exchange reserves, the RMB’s appreciation pressure is increasing. The constant appreciation of the RMB in the past two years makes it possible to invest in China’s foreign industrial capital even without considering industrial interests and equity. Dividends, changes alone in exchange rates can allow foreign capital entering our country to receive excess returns. As an auto industry project with an investment quota of hundreds of millions of dollars, instead of struggling in the shadow of the western “subprime†financial crisis, it is better to invest in China to receive dividends. I am afraid that this is also one of the abacus many foreign commercial vehicle companies and component suppliers have invested heavily in China.
Conclusion
In addition to Sinotruk and Mann, Beiqi Foton and Mercedes-Benz, SAIC Iveco Hongyan and Guangzhou Automobile and Hino, Volvo that has lost several times in China is constantly making dark waves with Dongfeng Motor . There are news from Dutch Duff and FAW Liberation . ... Obviously, in a fairly long period in the future, "technology transfer with equity investment" will become the main mode of cooperation between China's commercial vehicle companies and foreign partners. In the long-term sense, the highest value of this joint venture may not be the upgrading of China's truck technology, but rather the contribution of the entire industry management level, especially the concept of the automotive industry such as environmental protection, safety, and energy saving, to social responsibility and public interest. The promotion.
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