“In the first quarter of this year, historical air quality was relatively poor.†Yesterday, the director of the Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau, Chen Tian, ​​stated that according to statistics, the content of nitrogen dioxide and PM10 in Beijing air increased by nearly 30% year-on-year in the first quarter, including the same period in January. Increase 47%. Chen Tian stated that Beijing's PM2.5 has 60% of Chengdu's PM2.5, which is burned out of coal and fuel. This year, it will continue to work on the management of coal and motor vehicles. On April 2, 2013, the Beijing Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau announced two “Beijing local standards for heavy-duty diesel vehiclesâ€, which limits the emission of diesel vehicles to Euro 6 levels. The municipal government will invest nearly 20 million yuan in reforming the national and national standard five-wheeled heavy vehicles with excessive emissions.
On April 2, the director of the Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau, Chen Tian, ​​was a guest of the city’s urban service management broadcasting “Civil Dialogue Number One.†When asked by the public why he felt that the weather was hazy this year, Chen Tian said, “The situation in the first quarter of this year It's history that the air quality is relatively poor. As environmental protection workers, we also feel very pressured." He said that the situation in the first quarter of this year was comparable to last year, except for the slight drop in sulfur dioxide, among the three comparable pollutants. Nitrous oxide and PM10 both increased by nearly 30% compared with the same period of the previous year, with a year-on-year increase of about 47% in January.
Exploring the Humidity The maximum wind speed over the past ten years has been the smallest in the past ten years. Chen Tian stated that the air quality during this period was analyzed with two characteristics. First, the first quarter of this year, especially the weather conditions in January, was particularly unfavorable for proliferation. Especially in January, the relative humidity of air was 64%, which was the largest in ten years. The ground wind speed was 1.6 meters per second, which was the smallest in ten years. The temperature inversion was severe, and the inversion temperature was low, which means that the lid was buckled lower. Now.
Meteorological conditions are only external factors. Chen Tian said that internal factors are the current urban development, and emissions from production methods and lifestyles far exceed the environmental capacity of Beijing. “Although we often say that Beijing’s improvement in atmospheric governance requires 'people’s efforts and heaven’s help’, what we need to do is to reduce the need for day-to-day help and to devote more efforts to reducing our own emissions. This is the key."
Pollution Control New Deal “Sewage Discharger†Emission Reduction Standards The proportion of nitrogen oxide emissions from heavy-duty diesel vehicles, which account for 5% of total emissions, accounted for more than 50% of the total in July, accounting for 5,300,000 vehicles with less than 5% of the 5.25 million vehicles. Diesel vehicles emit more than 50% of their emissions of nitrogen oxides. Yesterday, Chen Tian stated that in terms of motor vehicle governance, diesel vehicles will be the main target of EPA supervision this year. On the same day, the Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau announced the two new "Beijing local standards for heavy-duty diesel vehicles", which limits the emission of diesel vehicles to Euro 6 levels.
These two heavy vehicle local standards are mainly developed for diesel vehicles and gas vehicles with a maximum total mass of more than 3.5 tons.
A number of studies at home and abroad have shown that the heavy vehicles of the National IV (Euro 4) and the National 5 (Euro 5) standards are flawed: due to the impact of urban road conditions, they produce higher emissions of nitrogen oxides at low loads or at low speeds. . The EU plans to solve these problems when it implements the Euro VI standards next year, but it has not taken any measures to solve the Euro IV and Euro 5 vehicles that have the same problems. China's national standards are equivalent to the European vehicle emissions system, and currently remain in the state of the four countries, the country five (equivalent to the European four, the European five) stage. To this end, Beijing has issued two local standards for heavy-duty vehicles as a supplement to national standards, requiring heavy-duty vehicle (engine) manufacturers to solve this problem in the R&D and production of National IV and National V vehicles rather than waiting for the introduction of the National Sixth Standard. .
The Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau stated that after the implementation of the new standard, diesel vehicles that do not meet the new standards will stop registering vehicles. It is understood that the two standards will be fully implemented on July 1. It is expected that after the implementation of the National IV and the National Phase 5 heavy-duty diesel vehicles, the emission of nitrogen oxides from cycling will be reduced by 60% in urban operations.
At the same time, there are more than 100,000 units of construction machinery such as excavators, loaders, and bulldozers in the city, which consume hundreds of thousands of tons of diesel. This year, the environmental protection department will implement two non-road machinery local standards from July 1 to tighten its emission limits.
specific measure
The government will finance the renovation of nearly 10 million excess emission vehicles. Currently, there are about 9,000 heavy-duty vehicles of the National IV and National 5 standards registered in this city. These vehicles are mainly buses and sanitation vehicles and are concentrated in urban areas. In order to reduce the emission pollution of this part of the vehicle, the Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau will organize the transformation of this part of the vehicle according to the standard this year.
The Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau said that recently, the Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau had invited the Beijing Public Transport Group and Beijing Xianglong Passenger and the manufacturers of the engines for the two companies to discuss with the Environmental Protection Bureau, hoping to start the transformation as soon as possible. The cost of renovation is expected to be around 2,000 yuan per vehicle, and the municipal government will contribute nearly 20 million yuan for reconstruction.
Doubt 1 Why is the standard only for national and national vehicles?
Li Kunsheng, director of the motor vehicle division of the Municipal Environmental Protection Agency, said that the reform of heavy-duty diesel vehicles took place after Euro III. Starting from Euro III, diesel vehicles did not emit black smoke. Starting from Euro IV, heavy-duty diesel vehicles began to use SCR (post-processing) technology, which can play a greater role when the vehicle is driving at high speed, but it also has the drawback that when driving in urban roads, due to the slower speed, As the vehicle's displacement decreases, the conversion efficiency of the SCR also decreases, and vehicles will have serious excess emissions. Since Euro III vehicles were not using SCR technology, there was no such problem. Euro 6 vehicles will also use SCR technology, but will make adjustments accordingly.
How to Reduce Emissions from 2 Heavy Diesel Engines Under 3 Countries?
Li Kunsheng said that at present, there are 150,000 state-three heavy-duty diesel vehicles registered, and nearly 30,000 state- and national-standard vehicles. For vehicles under the three national standards, on the one hand, the Municipal Environmental Protection Agency will discuss with other units using heavy-duty diesel vehicles the installation of "particle traps" and other transformation methods. He said that before the Olympics, Beijing installed particulate matter traps for 10,000 heavy duty diesel vehicles under the national standard of three countries. However, from the operating situation, due to the generally poor vehicle conditions of these heavy-duty diesel vehicles, the emission reduction effect was not significant. It is not good. In addition, the cost of retrofitting “particle traps†is relatively high, with 50,000 yuan per vehicle, while the value of some old cars themselves is less than 50,000 yuan.
In addition, consideration will be given to further increasing the phase-out subsidy standard for heavy-duty diesel vehicles and speeding up the phase-out of these vehicles. Li Kunsheng said that at present, the subsidy policy for old vehicles in Beijing, the highest subsidies for heavy-duty diesel vehicles, up to 15,000 yuan.
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