Following the adjustment of taxation methods and tax rate standards, some local governments are actively exploring the expansion of resource tax collection. Gansu and other provinces plan to include groundwater and other water resources within the scope of resource tax collection. Experts interviewed by the reporter believe that this means that the new round of resource tax reform will be accelerated again.
Following the adjustment of the applicable tax rate for resource taxes such as tin ore in February, some provinces are planning to expand the collection scope of resource taxes and impose resource taxes on groundwater, geothermal water, and other water resources.
The relevant person in charge of the Local Taxation Bureau of Gansu Province recently wrote that according to the principle of building a “resource-saving and environment-friendly society†and the principle of universal collection of resource taxes, the rational development and utilization of resources should be promoted, and the regulation and control of taxation levers should be brought into full play. Protecting resources, increasing local fiscal revenues, and developing resource taxes on groundwater, geothermal water, and other resources are inevitable choices for economic development and expansion of local tax revenues. In recent years, after investigations and calculations, it has been proposed that the resources tax be levied on groundwater, geothermal water, etc., and adjustments should be made to the applicable tax standards for mineral water resources.
It is no accident that Gansu's brewing resources have been expropriated. The state has authorized provincial-level local governments to levy or suspend resource taxes on other non-metal ore mines and other non-ferrous metal ore mines that are not listed by the state. Taking mineral water as an example, the natural mineral water resources of the Tibet Autonomous Region have been included in the non-metallic ore mine heading since 2007, and a resource tax is imposed on the number of sales according to the standard of RMB 3/ton.
At present, water resource fees are one of the major economic levers that reflect the scarcity of water resources. However, there are various problems in the collection of water resource fees: First, in the aspect of industrial water use, the water resources fee is determined according to the flow of pumping pumps of various companies. However, at present, the levy is more difficult, and companies are pursuing maximization of their economic benefits for their own sake, and their awareness of paying fees is not strong. Second, for the domestic water consumption, the water company is basically collecting water resource fees, and all tap water users are paying water. Time and cost have already been paid for water resources, but this standard is quite low. Low water prices actually encourage high consumption of water resources. Thirdly, in respect of water for power generation, water resources fees are charged according to electricity generation, and the standards are low. As the water resource fee belongs to administrative fees, it has the drawbacks of all types of fees, that is, the law enforcement rigidity is not strong, and the fee payers have a weak awareness of paying fees. The enforcement of the “Water Law†is not yet strong, especially industrial water use. Metering devices are difficult to promote, so fees and tax changes are imperative.
Yang Zhiyong, director of the Financial Services Department of the Academy of Social Economics Research Institute, said in an exclusive interview that if the water resource fee is changed to a water resource tax, the collection and management will be much stricter. However, on the other hand, resource tax reforms should also be rewarded and punished in terms of policies to improve the overall direction of tax burdens, and more encouragement policies should be given to recycling and comprehensive utilization of resources such as reclaimed water to achieve resource conservation. .
Jia Kang, director of the Finance Department of the Ministry of Finance, also stated that in the resource tax reform process, the government should impose some more preferential tax policies on VAT, business tax, etc., to reduce the number of small and medium-sized enterprises affected by production. Pressure; For residents, the government should promptly raise the standard of subsistence allowances to ensure that the low-income groups need to spend their lives.
Analysts believe that the imposition of a tax on water resources in some places means that the new round of resource tax reform will go deeper.
It is reported that in September last year, the State Council announced the amended "Provisional Regulations on the Resource Tax of the People's Republic of China," and the new regulations have been fully implemented nationwide since November 1, 2011. The amendments increased the resource tax levy method for fixed-rate pricing, and changed the taxation of crude oil and natural gas resources from ad valorative measurement to ad valorem, and raised the level of tax burden accordingly. At the same time, the coking coal and rare earth ore were separately allocated to coal resources. And the non-ferrous metal ore resources are listed separately, and the tax rate approved by the State Council is written into the regulations.
Earlier this year, the Ministry of Finance and the State Administration of Taxation issued the "Notice of the Ministry of Finance and the State Administration of Taxation on Adjusting the Applied Tax Rate Standard for Tin Ore and Other Resource Taxes", tin ore, molybdenum ore, and other non-metallic minerals in the ore of non-ferrous metal ore. The resource tax rates for mineral resources such as magnesite and talc in the ore have been raised.
Subsequently, the State Council approved the National Development and Reform Commission's circular on the 2012 key recommendations for deepening economic restructuring, stressing that the reform of the fiscal and taxation system must be accelerated, including comprehensively deepening the resource tax reform and expanding the scope of ad valorem pricing.
According to the relevant person in charge of the State Administration of Taxation, in addition to raising the resource tax rates for some of the existing tax purposes and expanding the scope for ad valorem assessment, the resource tax reform is also an irresistible trend, and should be considered when conditions are met. Such as the inclusion of resource tax collection.
Liu Ye, deputy dean of the Taxation College of the Central University of Finance and Economics, said that at present, China's levy of resource tax mainly includes seven taxes, including crude oil and coal, covering most of the known mineral resources. However, many natural resources are still not included. . The next step is to expand the resource tax levy in this direction, and considering that the waste of water resources is serious, at least water resources must be included in the scope of collection.
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