History During each Great Depression, new business opportunities and technologies emerge on the battlefields of bankruptcy and hopelessness. The Great Depression triggered by the U.S. housing bond bubble in 2003-2007 also created a new technology. The U.S. government is very active in supporting these new entrants to enter the market quickly. New technology concept commonly known as "additive production." Compared with the problems of pollution, energy consumption, land occupation, long working hours, long distance and high capital caused by "subtractive production" of the second industrial revolution, the addition production brought human beings back to the primitive community production. No pollution, a small amount of production, individual design, community cooperation and rapid energy-saving are the advantages of the third industrial revolution. However, our poor motherland has neither invested in nor helped SME entrepreneurship and R & D in this regard.
The first industrial revolution took place in the late 18th century, when entrepreneurs invented looms and focused on the production of fabrics, many hand-weaving families went bust and went bankrupt. But the benefit to humans is that a lot of cheap fabrics allow everyone to buy the latest fabrics. The second industrial revolution is today's "subtractive production" occurred in the early 20th century. When Mr. Ford invented the continuous production line to mass-produce his T-car, he said "Everyone can have their own car from now on. He can choose any color, but only black." Subtraction production is characterized by the need to mass produce the same kind of style in order to have economic benefits.
You can see all the products around are "subtraction" made. Our clothes shoes must be "cut" out of the unwanted parts to sew up, the circuit board must "lithography erosion" out of unnecessary metal film can be used to leave the circuit and electrical components, a variety of tools must first make the mold ( Mold) and then throw the material out of the mold shell as it is injected. Including large-scale agricultural production is also subtractive production process, covering a large area of ​​pesticides, fertilizers, pesticides and antibiotics, but only the crop is growing out of the collection, leaving a large number of toxins for future generations. That's why hundreds of millions of tons of waste water per day waste chemicals continue to erode our soils, water sources and a growing list of incurable diseases.
At the same time, because the production of subtraction can be quantified to reduce the cost of each product, the production process is continuously refined and prolonged, resulting in today's factories occupying the most land and using most energy and water. Each factory workflow can be extended to 24 hours or even 72 hours in length. Transport costs have also increased because of the need to concentrate mass production in one place. For example, to make a bag in China is very cheap, but the United States consumers have to wait 90-120 days to get their hands. From the design of one country to the production of materials in another country to the point-of-sale in one country to retail outlets in consumer countries, so much shipping has created a crisis of energy war, carbon pollution and global warming today.
Subtraction production is not only harmful to the Earth's resources. Due to the long manufacturing process and the long transportation distance, more equipment and equipment are needed. The most important thing is that the capital required for investment soars. The entry barrier for each industry is natural Increase, the loss of competitiveness of SMEs, the final result is the monopoly of large enterprises, but the price is not competitive, the problem of inflation can not be solved. As a result, social wealth has become more and more radical. Only monopolies and government supervisors are able to accumulate wealth while 80% of the population live only with workers' lives without the possibility or desire to start a business.
Just as despair and mass protests in the world have taken place, American universities and entrepreneurs are developing a new concept called "additive production." As its name implies, its theory is just to make the necessary part (plus go), without having to cut off anything. Because there is no need to cut or erode or remain, there is no pollution. Unexpectedly, this concept also brings us many unexpected benefits: because only the necessary parts, the product specifications can not be in accordance with the shape of the mold that is to say that each product can have a different appearance, do not need Uniform shape or style. Because it can be done once, the workflow does not need to be refined or the division of labor does not need to take up a lot of land, the equipment has become simple, one-time investment is less, and the entire process time is greatly reduced. Because of the simplified production process of each product, the cost of producing one is the same as the cost of 100 million. The biggest benefit is that everyone's home can produce what they want! Do not transport multiple countries do not have to waste a few months to reach the hands of consumers. Consumers themselves can be produced at home.
Currently more mature and has been the market of additive production technology is a 3D printer. 3D printers can print almost any product you can imagine for everyday use. The cup in the house is broken You can print a cup directly at home without having to go to the store to buy a whole set of cups. If necessary, but also in the computer directly modify the design and then print out. Because it is printed one by one layer of a 3D product, this additive production technology will not create waste or waste water. It takes about an hour for a cup to be made, but it is faster than a few seconds made by the mill because the cup does not have to travel from the factory to the United States within 30 days of the Pacific, reducing the amount of time and energy. 3D printing can not only make all the products that can be made by subtraction, but also can do the process that traditional factories can not do. Such as hollow design and can move parts or a variety of materials mixed with the product. 3D printers not only print small things, but also print cars, submarines, airplanes and more.
The big advantage of 3D printers is that everyone can be their own designer. Many people in the United States who collect antiques will certainly have a 3D printer. Old car door broken bad parts can not buy, no problem, as long as the 3D scan the original door handle, you can also modify the original fragile place on your computer, you can immediately print out a better door handle installed on the door. The development of the network also allows the masses to exchange draft designs and cooperate with each other. Yesterday saw the new iPhone produced, today I can make a phone case to sell! This is the original impossible to do it! And each client can have their own design, no second person has the same product. Ultimate personalization is the addition of production characteristics.
Many products have also been invented on medical equipment. Because each person's body structure and size are different, the original artificial bones, skin, teeth, hearing aids, the production of various organs are very expensive. Now not only cheap and fast, do not open the mold, directly tailored.
The addition of production is not only a revolution in daily necessities and medical products, but also a revolution in agriculture. The current agricultural production is a centralized subtraction of production. Pesticides, fertilizers, pesticides and antibiotics are sprayed on a large area of ​​land, but only a small portion of the soil is actually extracted. Soil and water are all serious pollution. The food that grows is poisonous. Mankind has seen an annual increase in the proportions of various cancers and blood diseases. In the meantime, with sparse land in China, developers and peasants continue to fight for cultivated land. Probably the most unreasonable is that the price of the products that the farmers worked hard to produce is more than ten times that of the retail outlets in the city. The problem is too many brokers, long distances. In fact, the easiest solution is to bring agricultural production inside the city.
Produce vegetables and fruits in the building. People in urban communities plant and exchange farm products directly. There are many benefits to building in the building: there is no need to spray pesticides or antibiotics because there are no pests and no viruses and no mold. Because drip irrigation systems feed plant roots directly, there is no waste without waste. Because the room has 24 hours of illumination, the growth rate can be twice as fast. The best is because there are no people at home or in the community, so there are no middlemen and transportation costs. Although the cost of a single product can be more expensive, the total cost can be reduced. The food guarantee is non-toxic, without shipping and loss, and the person eating it can oversee it. This is the benefit of additive production.
Perhaps the biggest revolution will be in the information industry. As the information industry involves the industry is too wide, from culture, film and television to the financial fashion services industry should change the use of all information products. With cloud computing and wireless communications technology continues to improve, consumers do not have to worry about computer poisoning in the future, data
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