I. Introduction
Automotive electronic equipment is the basis of the control system, so the reliability of the electronic control equipment plays a leading role in the reliability of the vehicle. In general, the use of the environment will affect the durability and operational performance of automotive electronics and units. Therefore, the environmental reliability of automotive electronic components has become one of the core issues of automotive reliability.
At present, automotive electronic products are mainly divided into the following three categories:
( 1 ), relays and motor motors: electric antennas, air conditioning motors, various types of relays, wiper motors, warm air motors, electric chairs, central control door locks, front-view mirror motors, alternators, and cleaning pump motors.
( 2 ), electronic components : speakers, reversing radar, GPS , automotive DVD , controllers, switching power supplies, operational amplifiers, various types of microprocessors, and computers.
( 3 ) All kinds of sensors: Among them, the development of sensors and relays is the most active. It is the two types of automotive electronics that are most used in cars.
Second, automotive electronic equipment environmental testing and reliability testing standards
1 ), ISO
ISO is the international standardization organization and ISO/TC22/SC3 is responsible for the standardization of automotive electrical and electronic technology. The application environment of automotive electronic products includes climate, electromagnetic, mechanical, electrical, and chemical environments. At present, the environmental standards and test standards of automotive electronic standards formulated by ISO mainly include the following aspects:
1.1 , ISO16750-1 : Environmental Conditions and Tests for Road Vehicles - Electrical and Electronic Products: General
1.2 , ISO16750-2 : Environmental Conditions and Tests for Road Vehicles - Electrical and Electronic Products: Power Supply Environment
1.3 , ISO16750-3 : Environmental Conditions and Tests for Road Vehicles - Electrical and Electronic Products: Mechanical Environment
1.4 , ISO16750-4 : Environmental Conditions and Tests for Road Vehicles - Electrical and Electronic Products: Climate Environment
1.5 , ISO16750-5 : Environmental Conditions and Tests for Road Vehicles - Electrical and Electronic Products: Chemical Environment
1.6 , ISO20653 automotive electronic equipment protection of foreign objects, water, contact rating
1.7 , ISO21848 road vehicles - Electrical and electronic equipment power supply environment with a supply voltage of 42V
The current domestic environmental testing standards for automotive electronic products are mainly regulated according to the technical conditions of the products.
The ISO standards have been widely adopted in car factories of European and American cars, and the requirements of Japanese car manufacturers have deviated greatly from ISO standards. In order to ensure that the standard limit is reached, the environmental conditions of the internal controls of automobile depots are generally more stringent than those of ISO .
2 ), AEC series standards
In the 1990s, Chrysler, Ford, and General Motors established the Automotive Electronics Council (AEC) to establish a common set of parts qualification and quality system standards . AEC established standards for quality control. The AEC-Q-100 chip stress test certification specification is the first AEC standard. The AEC-Q-100 was first published in 1994. Because the AEC- compliant parts can be used simultaneously by the above-mentioned three car manufacturers, it promotes the willingness of component manufacturers to exchange their product characteristics data and promotes the implementation of universal automotive parts. This makes the AEC standard gradually become the universal test specification for automotive electronic components.
After more than 10 years of development, the AEC-Q-100 has become a universal standard for automotive electronic systems. After AEC-Q-100 , specifications such as AEC-Q-101 for discrete components and AEC-Q-200 for passive components, and guidelines such as AEC-Q001/Q002/Q003/Q004 have been successively developed .
3 , the test standards of major depots
Car manufacturers related standards
3.1, VW (Volkswagen) VW 80101 electrical and electronic component mounting detection condition
Technical requirements for VW TL226 automotive interior painting components
3.2, GM (General Motors) GMW 3172 electrical and electronic parts as well as environmental reliability analysis and design verification program requires
GMN 10083 plastic spray interior reliability
3.3, Mazda (Mazda) MES PW67600 technical requirements of the electronic device
3.4, Ford (Ford) FLTM BI series of standards
Third, the vehicle electronic test project conditions, the corresponding environmental test equipment summary
1 , automotive aging test conditions and equipment
1.1 . Locomotive ICs :
Test conditions: – 40 °C to 125 °C , wind, sunlight, high vibration
Equipment Selection: Comprehensive Environmental Test Equipment
1.2 , instrument panel operation test :
Test conditions: -40 °C ~85 °C
Equipment Selection: Alternating Humidity Test Chamber
1.3 , motor controller:
Test conditions: Operating test temperature 40 °C ~ 110 °C
Equipment Selection: Alternating Humidity Test Chamber
1.4 tire pressure sensor:
Test conditions: high temperature operation test temperature: 125 °C low temperature operation test temperature: -40 °C
Equipment Selection: Alternating Humidity Test Chamber
1.5 . Satellite Positioning (GPS) :
Test conditions: high temperature operation test temperature: 85 °C, low temperature operation test temperature: -40 °C room temperature → 70 °C (2 hours ) → -20 °C (2 hours ) → room temperature
Equipment Selection: Alternating Humidity Test Chamber
1.6 Bluetooth Headset for Vehicles:
Test conditions: storage test temperature: -40 °C ~+85 °C , operating test temperature -20 °C ~+65 °C
Equipment Selection: Alternating Humidity Test Chamber
2 , car LCD screen
2.1 Test Conditions: High Temperature Storage Test Temperature: 70 ° C , 80 ° C , 85 ° C , 105 °C, 300Hrs Recommended Model: Alternating Humidity Test Chamber
2.2 , test conditions: high temperature and humidity test operation: 40 °C / 90% RH ( non-condensing ) , 300Hrs recommended models: alternating humidity test chamber
2.3 , test conditions: low temperature storage test temperature: -20 ° C , -30 ° C , -40 °C, 300Hrs recommended models: alternating humidity test chamber
2.4 Test Conditions: High Temperature Operation Test Temperature: 50 ° C , 60 ° C , 80 ° C , 85 °C, 300Hrs Recommended Model: Alternating Humidity Test Chamber
2.5 Test conditions: Temperature cycling test: -20 °C (1H) ↠RT (10min) → 60 °C (1H) , 5cycles Suggested models: High-low temperature thermal shock test chamber
2.6 , test conditions: low temperature operation test temperature: 0 ° C , -20 ° C , -30 ° C, 300Hrs recommended models: alternating humidity test chamber
3 , automotive cable and wire testing
Test conditions: Low temperature operation Test temperature: -40 °C Suggested models: Alternating humidity test chamber
Test Condition: High Temperature Operation Test Temperature: 150 °C Suggested Model: Alternating Humidity Test Chamber
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