Niobium is a rare earth element. Refers to rare earth element is scandium, yttrium, lanthanides, and all. Because of their scarcity in the earth's crust, their oxides are similar in nature to earth elements such as calcium oxide. Since rare earth elements are dispersed and distributed, often chaotic mineralization, and their properties are very similar to each other, it is difficult to find, separate and analyze them.
Niobium and another rare earth element lanthanum are two elements of the rare earth element which are relatively abundant in the earth's crust, and thus they are first discovered in rare earth elements. Norway and Sweden on Scandinavia in northern Europe are rich in rare earth minerals, so these two elements were first discovered in the region.
The sly Latin name yttrium and the element symbol Y are from the name of a small town near Ytterby, Stockholm, Sweden. Because it was discovered from a black ore in this town. Mineralogist Finland 1794, a piece of ore chemists Gadolin analyzed and found to contain one kind did not know of the new metal oxide, its nature is similar portion with calcium oxide, aluminum oxide, similar portions, put This new metal oxide is called alumina.
The oxides of lanthanum and cerium and other oxides of rare earth elements and oxides of earth elements are difficult to reduce. It was not until 1875 that Hillbrund used the electrolytically melted cerium oxide to obtain the metal lanthanum. This is a common method of obtaining rare earth metals today. Their discovery is not only the discovery of themselves, but also the discovery of other rare earth elements. The discovery of other rare earth elements began with the discovery of these two elements.
The discovery of 钇 and 铈 just opened the first door to the discovery of rare earth elements and was the first stage of discovering rare earth elements.
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