Monitoring of frequent fire hazards in the forest area of ​​the Greater Xing'an Mountains helps pre-control of mountain fires

[ Instrument R&D ] Since July, many provinces and cities in southern China have been affected by heavy rainfall, and more than 100 rivers in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River have experienced floods above the warning level, resulting in waterlogging Natural disasters such as mountain torrents and mountain torrents also pose a serious threat to the lives and property of our people. At present, the flood relief work is still in full swing. In contrast, the Daxinganling forest area in Inner Mongolia has attracted a lot of attention due to fires.

According to relevant reports, within 1 day from July 12 to July 13, the Inner Mongolia Daxinganling North Primary Forest Management Bureau, Khan National Nature Reserve Administration, Turi River, Mangui, Mordaoga, Alongshan and Genhe Forestry Bureau and other 13 forest fires occurred. Fortunately, the fire situation has been effectively controlled under the timely rescue of the Forestry Administration, Fire Bureau and other departments. According to the preliminary judgment of the experts, the 13 fires that occurred this time were all lightning fires. However, at present, most areas of the Daxinganling forest area are still in a high temperature and arid state, and the situation of forest fire prevention is still relatively severe.

The Daxinganling forest area is located in the northeast of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and the northwest of Heilongjiang Province. It is not only one of my country's important forestry bases, but also the most well-preserved and largest virgin forest in China, with a total area of ​​327,200 square kilometers. Because the soil in the forest area is fertile and non-polluting, dense and diverse trees have been bred, and the wood storage basically accounts for half of the domestic total. At the same time, the forest area also contains rich biological resources, freshwater resources and mineral resources.

In the Daxinganling forest area, there were multiple fires in 1987, 2015, 2017 and 2018. Among them, the 1987 fire was the most serious forest fire since the founding of New China. During the 21-day fire, The 560,000 hectares of forest were devoured by the fire, which directly caused economic losses of up to 500 million yuan. Although the occurrence and spread of fire are closely related to the negligence and sluggishness of relevant departments and personnel, in general, the fire prevention is weak, the professional team is not perfect, the forest fire prevention infrastructure is poor, and the fire monitoring and fire fighting techniques are backward. All are important "culprits" that cause fires.

Normally, the occurrence of forest fires is a result of multiple factors. Only when the temperature, humidity, wind power, and precipitation in the environment have reached certain conditions, can the fire occur. Therefore, accurate monitoring of the meteorological conditions in the forest area can effectively prevent forest fires.

In recent years, the Chinese government has successively formulated, promulgated, and implemented various forest protection-related management regulations and methods, continuously strengthening forest protection. On the other hand, the continuous advancement of fire monitoring and early warning technologies such as unmanned aerial vehicles, automatic image recognition alarms, meteorological monitoring and remote sensing have also effectively controlled the incidence of forest fires in my country. These high-tech technologies can carry out real-time and accurate fixed-point and regular monitoring of the environmental meteorological conditions in the forest area, and effectively improve the initiative and accuracy of fire risk early warning. In addition, a variety of meteorological monitoring instruments and equipment such as temperature and humidity meters, anemometers, multimeters, and sound level meters can also help us clearly grasp the meteorological conditions in the forest area and provide a reliable basis for fire warning.

For a long time, forests have provided various energy and resources for humans and other living things on the earth. However, due to the impact of human activities and climate, forest fires have become an extremely common natural disaster. Only by continuously improving forest fire prevention and monitoring technology and improving forest fire warning, rescue and protection systems can we really reduce the fire. Casualties and destruction.