Rare earth metal is a generic term for 15 elements and lanthanide iridium. Metallurgy, petrochemicals, phosphors and permanent magnets are the four hot spots of rare earth consumption. Rare-earth high-temperature superconducting materials are moving forward in practical use. According to statistics, in 2010, China's rare earth resource reserves accounted for more than 30% of the world's total, and rare earth production ranks first in the world, and is known as the "rare earth kingdom."
The Nanshanhai rare earth ore from Yangxi County, Guangdong Province is produced from the coastal sand deposit in the Beibu Gulf. Metallic mineral ores contained mainly monazite, xenotime, zircon, rutile, titanium white ore, iron ore and titanium tin stone, gangue minerals are quartz, feldspar, mica, tourmaline. The mineral particles in the ore is greater than 0. 15mm, which is 78%, but the rare earth metal minerals are mainly distributed in the fraction of less than 0.15mm. Except for the slightly coarser particle size of the xenotime, most of the useful minerals are present in the range of 0. l25 ~0. 06mm in the particle size range, and the occurrence state is dispersed. In addition to the formation of crystal particles in many parts, there are many rare earth oxides ( RE0), Zr02, and Ti02 are dispersed in gangue minerals in the form of fine inclusions or isomorphisms, ion adsorption, and the like.
Figure 1 Nanshanhai rare earth ore rough selection process
The ore produced by the water gun and a sand pump is re-elected in situ at the two stopes. The production process is shown in Figure 1. The mobile combined spiral chute process is designed to save energy and facilitate relocation. The re-election of monoliths, xenotimes, zircons, rutiles and ilmenite in coarse concentrates is then re-selected and magnetic in selected plants. Select, electrify, flotation and other methods to further process the coarse concentrate to obtain an independent concentrate.
2 Re-election of rare metal ore
Rare metals mainly refers to lithium, beryllium, tantalum, niobium, zirconium, hafnium, germanium, gallium, indium, rhenium, thallium, used mainly for military, electronics, electric power, metallurgy, mechanical, chemical, where the first six scattered metal There are independent deposits, and the rest are mainly in the form of associated elements in other deposits.
Jiangxi Xuanchun Antimony Mine is the largest antimony deposit in China. The deposit type is lithium mica and sodium-long petrochemical granite deposit with saw iron ore. The gangue is mainly feldspar and quartz. Scale Ichun tantalum and niobium ore beneficiation plant is l500t / d, a production process for the heavy weight of a floating joint process, the production of tantalum and niobium ore, concentrate lepidolite, feldspar powder (glass material) 3 products.钽铌Re-election equipment adopts rotary spiral chute and boring machine ; lithium mica flotation uses mixed amine as collector , flotation tailings shale powder obtained by de-slipping with spiral classifier. The raw ore treated by the concentrator contains (Ta, Nb) 205 0.373%, and the grade of the produced concentrate (Ta, Nb) 205 is 51.5%, and the recovery rate is 56.5%.
Another rare earth-bearing deposit in China is the Cocoto Sea Mine in Fuyun County, Altay Prefecture, Xinjiang. Its No. 3 vein was once the world's largest granitic pegmatite deposit, containing lithium, strontium, barium, strontium, palladium and strontium. More than 20 kinds of rare metals such as zirconium and hafnium, with a diameter of 2250m, a width of 1500m and a thickness of 20~60m. They are famous in the geological world for their large scale, high grade and many mineral types.
The Cocoto Sea Concentrator was put into operation in 1976 with a production scale of 750t/d. The production scale of the bismuth series is 400t/d. The heavy-floating combined process is used to select the concentrate and beryl (é“) concentrate. The selection criteria of é“ are: original ore containing Be0 about 0.1%, beryl concentrate containing Be07.35%, Be0 recovery rate of 60%; lithium series production scale of 250t/d, also using heavy one In the floating combined process, the obtained spodumene concentrate contains Li206%, the recovery rate of Li20 is 86.50%; the production scale of the bismuth series is 100t/d, and the bismuth concentrate obtained by the combined process of heavy-magnetic-floating (Ta, Nb) 205 50% ~ 60%, (Ta, Nb) 205 recovery rate of 62%.
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